对固体生物质产生的电力的支持是对生物质发电厂市场发展的最重要的刺激。 尽管生物质补贴计划最近在欧洲也经历了积极的修正，但亚洲国家目前正在首次减少这种支持。这是德国咨询公司ecoprog GmbH进行的一项新市场研究的结果之一。
The support for electricity generated from solid biomass is the most important stimulation for the development of the biomass power plant market. Whereas biomass subsidisation schemes have recently also experienced positive amendments in Europe, Asian countries are currently reducing this kind of support for the first time. This is one of the results of a new market study from Germany-based consultancy ecoprog GmbH.
根据ecoprog研究“生物质能发电2018/2019”，2018年投入使用的生物质发电厂（BMPPs）数量增加了约300个。如今，全球约有3800个生物质发电厂（BMPPs），装机容量约为60 GW。
According to the ecoprog study “Biomass to Power 2018/2019“, the number of biomass power plants (BMPPs) commissioned in 2018 increased by about 300 facilities. Today, there are about 3 800 BMPPs worldwide with an installed power capacity of around 60 GW.
补贴驱动 Subsidy-driven
可再生能源补贴（RE）是推动生物质发电厂（BMPPs）市场的最重要因素，尤其是在欧洲。南美洲、北美洲以及许多亚洲国家的市场受到燃料供应的刺激； 然而，可再生能源补贴也是这些国家新产能发展的重要因素。
Subsidies for renewable energies (RE) are the most important factor driving the BMPP market, especially in Europe. The markets in South and North America as well as in many Asian countries are rather stimulated by fuel availability; however, RE subsidies are an important factor for the development of new capacities in these countries as well.
一些欧洲生物质支持计划已有20多年的历史。 因此，在过去几年中，许多此类系统已经减少并且更倾向于竞争机制。 去年，这种趋势在一定程度上放缓。
Some of the European biomass support schemes are more than 20 years old. Therefore, many such systems have been reduced and rather geared towards competitive mechanisms in the past years. In the last year, this trend slowed down to some extent.
走向市场拍卖 Move toward market auctions
例如，在等待多年引入之后，波兰于2018年首次组织了生物质发电厂（BMPPs）拍卖。然而，这些拍卖的成功非常有限 - 只有一个项目被批准用于补贴。 这是因为只有少数项目开发商参与其中，其中一个原因是许多投资者持观望态度。
Poland, for instance, organised BMPP auctions for the first time in 2018, after the introduction had been awaited for many years. However, these auctions showed very limited success – only one project was approved for subsidies. This is because only a few project developers participated, one reason for which is a wait-and-see attitude by many investors.
2018年末，芬兰还推出了一种可以有利于生物质发电的拍卖系统。爱尔兰通过了一项拍卖计划，该计划应该增加包括生物质在内的可再生能源的建立，直到2025年。
In late 2018, Finland also introduced an auctioning system that could benefit electricity generation from biomass. Ireland passed an auctioning scheme, which should increase the establishment of renewable energies, including biomass, until 2025.
在欧洲之外，削减生物质补贴的国家数量在2018年首次增加。例如，泰国大幅降低了生物质电力的上网电价（FIT），从大约14.20欧元/千瓦时降至6.30欧元/吨千瓦时。
Outside of Europe, the number of countries cutting biomass subsidies increased for the first time in 2018. Thailand, for instance, drastically reduced the feed-in tariff (FIT) for biomass electricity, from about 14.20 €ct/kWh to 6.30 €ct/kWh.
泰国一座9.9MW的生物质发电厂。 该工厂使用稻壳和木片，最初于2004年作为热电联产工厂投入使用，为碾米厂提供蒸汽并为电网供电。
A 9.9 MW biomass power plant in Thailand. Using rice husk and woodchips, the plant was originally commissioned as a co-generation plant in 2004 supplying steam to a rice mill and power to the grid.
此外，日本还降低了对生物质能发电项目的补贴，这些项目的容量超过10MWe，并为其他建筑物提供了每年200兆瓦的上限。 阿根廷将年度拍卖中RE的招标量从2017年的1.2 GWe降至2018年的400 MWe。
Also, Japan lowered the subsidisation for biomass power projects with capacities of over 10 MWe and introduced a cap of 200 MWe per year for additional constructions. Argentina reduced the tendering volume for RE in the annual auctions from 1.2 GWe in 2017 to 400 MWe in 2018.
亚洲将带动增长 Asia to lead growth
中国和印度这些增长潜力最强的国家仍然存在有吸引力的补贴条款。2018年，印度另外引入了全国范围的支持计划，用于基于工厂建设补助的生物质热电联产（CHP）工厂。
Attractive subsidisation terms remain in place in China and India, the countries with the strongest growth potentials. In 2018, India additionally introduced a nationwide support scheme for building biomass combined heat and power (CHP) plants based on grants for plant construction.
从全球的角度来看，生物质电力补贴继续促进生物质发电厂（BMPPs）建设的市场发展。到2027年，全球生物质发电厂（BMPPs）市场将继续保持其动态发展道路。Ecoprog预计在此期间将建造约1900个额外的生物质发电厂，装机容量约为25GW 。
From a global perspective, biomass electricity subsidisation continues to promote market development for the construction of BMPPs. Until 2027, the worldwide market for BMPPs will thus remain on its dynamic development path. Ecoprog expects the construction of about 1 900 additional biomass power plants with an installed power capacity of around 25 GW over the period.
预计这一增长中约有50％将在亚洲实现，特别是在中国和印度这两个主要市场。
about 50 percent of this growth is anticipated to be realised in Asia, especially in the two lead markets China and India.
此外，北美和南美仍将是固体生物质发电的有吸引力的市场，特别是其主要市场巴西，加拿大和美国。 在欧洲，总体支持水平将继续下降，以降低高成本和改善生态方面。
Also, North and South America will remain attractive markets for electricity generation from solid biomass, and particularly their lead markets Brazil, Canada and the United States (US). In Europe, the overall level of support will continue to decline, in order to reduce high costs and improve ecological aspects.
2018年观察到的补贴计划的积极变化将无法完全弥补这一发展。总而言之ecoprog估计，欧洲市场将因此失去一些驱动。
The positive changes of the subsidisation schemes, which were observed in 2018, will not be able to completely compensate for this development. In sum, the European market will, therefore, lose some of its drive ecoprog concludes.
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